European Exploration
What motivated European explorers to explore the Western Hemisphere?
What role did geography play in European exploration and colonization?
How did Native Americans view the arrival of the newcomers?
How did European exploration affect Native American peoples?
What were the positive and negative consequences of European exploration of the Western Hemisphere?
How did the Columbian Exchange reshape the lives and beliefs of people?
What effect did the Columbian Exchange have on the Western Hemisphere?
What were the conditions experienced by enslaved Africans during the Middle Passage?
What role did geography play in European exploration and colonization?
How did Native Americans view the arrival of the newcomers?
How did European exploration affect Native American peoples?
What were the positive and negative consequences of European exploration of the Western Hemisphere?
How did the Columbian Exchange reshape the lives and beliefs of people?
What effect did the Columbian Exchange have on the Western Hemisphere?
What were the conditions experienced by enslaved Africans during the Middle Passage?
How do issues of power, wealth, and morality influence exploration and colonization?
As we study European Exploration we will consider whether the word "explore" is the most appropriate word to describe the actions of the first Europeans to the "New World." The word "invade" might also need to be considered when taking into account the perspective of the Native Americans.
The Vikings - Barbarians? Or Clever Opportunists?
Viking Knarr Ships and the Viking Longships
After reading Egil’s Saga and Harold’s Saga, we designed a Viking ships based on the details from these texts.
Lucky Mistake or Pioneering Genius?
Ptolemy created this map in the 2nd century. The map is based on a description contained in one of Ptolemy’s books that was translated from Greek to Latin in the 15th century.
Christopher Columbus
Friday, 12th of October
The vessels were hove to (anchored), waiting for daylight; and on Friday they arrived at a small island of the Lucayos (present-day Bahamas), called in the language of the Indians, Guanahani. Presently they saw naked people. The Admiral went on shore in the armed boat, and Martin Alonso Pinzon, and Vicente Yanez, his brother, who was captain of
the Niña. The Admiral took the royal standard, and the captains went with two banners of the green cross, which the Admiral took in all the ships as a sign with an F and a Y (for Ferdinand and Isabella) and a crown over each letter, one on one side of the cross and the other on the other. Having landed they saw trees very green, and much water, and fruits of diverse kinds. The Admiral called to the two captains, and to the others who leaped on shore, and to Rodrigo Escovedo, secretary of the whole fleet, and to Rodrigo Sanchez of Segovia, and said that they should bear faithful testimony that he, in presence of all, had taken, as he now took, possession of the said island for the King and for the Queen his Lords, making the declarations that are required, as is now largely set forth in the testimonies which were then made in writing.
Christopher Columbus 1451-1506 Bartolome de Las Casasc.1490-1558
Original Source: Christopher Columbus, “Journal of the First Voyage of Columbus,” in Julius E. Olson and Edward Gaylord Bourne, eds., The Northmen, Columbus and Cabot, 985-1503, Original Narratives of Early American History. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1906.
The vessels were hove to (anchored), waiting for daylight; and on Friday they arrived at a small island of the Lucayos (present-day Bahamas), called in the language of the Indians, Guanahani. Presently they saw naked people. The Admiral went on shore in the armed boat, and Martin Alonso Pinzon, and Vicente Yanez, his brother, who was captain of
the Niña. The Admiral took the royal standard, and the captains went with two banners of the green cross, which the Admiral took in all the ships as a sign with an F and a Y (for Ferdinand and Isabella) and a crown over each letter, one on one side of the cross and the other on the other. Having landed they saw trees very green, and much water, and fruits of diverse kinds. The Admiral called to the two captains, and to the others who leaped on shore, and to Rodrigo Escovedo, secretary of the whole fleet, and to Rodrigo Sanchez of Segovia, and said that they should bear faithful testimony that he, in presence of all, had taken, as he now took, possession of the said island for the King and for the Queen his Lords, making the declarations that are required, as is now largely set forth in the testimonies which were then made in writing.
Christopher Columbus 1451-1506 Bartolome de Las Casasc.1490-1558
Original Source: Christopher Columbus, “Journal of the First Voyage of Columbus,” in Julius E. Olson and Edward Gaylord Bourne, eds., The Northmen, Columbus and Cabot, 985-1503, Original Narratives of Early American History. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1906.
What is the geologic history of the Western Hemisphere?
Homes of Early Americans
In small groups, the students in Class 5-206 analyzed images of early peoples’ structures and homes to draw conclusions about factors that influenced them. They then conducted research to learn how the first humans in the Western Hemisphere modified their physical environment as well as adapted to their environment. Each group then shared their findings with the class. After learning about each of six Native American homes, students selected two structures to compare and contrast.
https://nativeamericans.mrdonn.org/homes.html
https://www.warpaths2peacepipes.com/native-american-houses/
https://www.warpaths2peacepipes.com/native-american-houses/
NATURAL WONDERS of the Western Hemisphere
Class 5-206 studied important physical features of the Western Hemisphere to learn how geologic processes shaped them. Partnerships first researched the natural wonders of the Western Hemisphere to understand the physical features of their wonder and how geologic processes shaped these physical environments. We also researched the flora and fauna within this environment. We then created posters to creatively present our research to our classmates.
Physical and Political Map of the World
Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
Seven Natural Wonders of the World
Understanding Plate Tectonics
Links for Natural Wonders Research:
Death Valley Video: http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/etv08.sci.ess.Earthsys.geology/geology-of-death-valley/
https://matadornetwork.com/trips/photo-essay-18-natural-wonders-of-the-usa/
Galapagos Islands: https://www.geol.umd.edu/~jmerck/galsite/research/projects/leonard/Geospot.htm
https://nature.new7wonders.com/wonders/galapagos-ecuador/?highlight=Galapagos+islands
https://www.tripsavvy.com/top-natural-wonders-of-south-america-1637058
Hudson Bay: www.encyclopedia.com/places/oceans-continents-and-polar-regions/oceans-and-continents/hudson-bay
Haida Gwaii: http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/haida-gwaii/
http://www.gohaidagwaii.ca/our-islands/c
Uyuni Salt Flats: http://www.donquijote.org/culture/bolivia/places/parks/salar-de-uyuni.asp
Bay of Fundy: http://www.eoEarth.org/view/article/150449/
https://nature.new7wonders.com/wonders/bay-of-fundy-canada/
http://www.pc.gc.ca/eng/pn-np/nb/fundy/natcul/geolog.aspx
https://www.tripsavvy.com/canada-natural-wonders-1482049
Patagonia: http://www.conservacionpatagonica.org/whypatagonia_uwp_geology.htm
https://www.tripsavvy.com/top-natural-wonders-of-south-america-1637058
Lake Titicaca: http://www.discover-peru.org/lake-titicaca/
https://www.tripsavvy.com/top-natural-wonders-of-south-america-1637058
Yellowstone: https://www.yellowstonepark.com/things-to-do/how-the-yellowstone-caldera-formed
https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/history/yellowstone/#YELLOWSTONE%20LAKE.jpg
Niagara Falls: https://www.niagarafallsstatepark.com/niagara-falls-state-park/history
https://www.tripsavvy.com/canada-natural-wonders-1482049
Great Lakes: https://www.epa.gov/greatlakes
https://www.awesomemitten.com/how-the-great-lakes-were-formed/
Grand Canyon: https://nature.new7wonders.com/wonders/grand-canyon-usa/
https://matadornetwork.com/trips/photo-essay-18-natural-wonders-of-the-usa/
Angel Falls: https://nature.new7wonders.com/wonders/angel-falls-venezuela/?highlight=angel+falls
https://www.tripsavvy.com/top-natural-wonders-of-south-america-1637058
Canadian Rockies: https://www.tripsavvy.com/canada-natural-wonders-1482049
The Andes: https://www.tripsavvy.com/top-natural-wonders-of-south-america-1637058
Glacier Bay: https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/glacier-bay-a-land-reborn/3609056.html
https://adventure.howstuffworks.com/glacier-bay-national-park-ga2.htm
Grand Tetons: https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/grte/grte_geology/sec3.htm
https://adventure.howstuffworks.com/grand-teton-national-park-ga2.htm
Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
Seven Natural Wonders of the World
Understanding Plate Tectonics
Links for Natural Wonders Research:
Death Valley Video: http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/etv08.sci.ess.Earthsys.geology/geology-of-death-valley/
https://matadornetwork.com/trips/photo-essay-18-natural-wonders-of-the-usa/
Galapagos Islands: https://www.geol.umd.edu/~jmerck/galsite/research/projects/leonard/Geospot.htm
https://nature.new7wonders.com/wonders/galapagos-ecuador/?highlight=Galapagos+islands
https://www.tripsavvy.com/top-natural-wonders-of-south-america-1637058
Hudson Bay: www.encyclopedia.com/places/oceans-continents-and-polar-regions/oceans-and-continents/hudson-bay
Haida Gwaii: http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/haida-gwaii/
http://www.gohaidagwaii.ca/our-islands/c
Uyuni Salt Flats: http://www.donquijote.org/culture/bolivia/places/parks/salar-de-uyuni.asp
Bay of Fundy: http://www.eoEarth.org/view/article/150449/
https://nature.new7wonders.com/wonders/bay-of-fundy-canada/
http://www.pc.gc.ca/eng/pn-np/nb/fundy/natcul/geolog.aspx
https://www.tripsavvy.com/canada-natural-wonders-1482049
Patagonia: http://www.conservacionpatagonica.org/whypatagonia_uwp_geology.htm
https://www.tripsavvy.com/top-natural-wonders-of-south-america-1637058
Lake Titicaca: http://www.discover-peru.org/lake-titicaca/
https://www.tripsavvy.com/top-natural-wonders-of-south-america-1637058
Yellowstone: https://www.yellowstonepark.com/things-to-do/how-the-yellowstone-caldera-formed
https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/history/yellowstone/#YELLOWSTONE%20LAKE.jpg
Niagara Falls: https://www.niagarafallsstatepark.com/niagara-falls-state-park/history
https://www.tripsavvy.com/canada-natural-wonders-1482049
Great Lakes: https://www.epa.gov/greatlakes
https://www.awesomemitten.com/how-the-great-lakes-were-formed/
Grand Canyon: https://nature.new7wonders.com/wonders/grand-canyon-usa/
https://matadornetwork.com/trips/photo-essay-18-natural-wonders-of-the-usa/
Angel Falls: https://nature.new7wonders.com/wonders/angel-falls-venezuela/?highlight=angel+falls
https://www.tripsavvy.com/top-natural-wonders-of-south-america-1637058
Canadian Rockies: https://www.tripsavvy.com/canada-natural-wonders-1482049
The Andes: https://www.tripsavvy.com/top-natural-wonders-of-south-america-1637058
Glacier Bay: https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/glacier-bay-a-land-reborn/3609056.html
https://adventure.howstuffworks.com/glacier-bay-national-park-ga2.htm
Grand Tetons: https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/grte/grte_geology/sec3.htm
https://adventure.howstuffworks.com/grand-teton-national-park-ga2.htm
SEVEN ANCIENT WONDERS
MIGRATION THEORIES
How did early humans migrate to the Western Hemisphere?
Plate Tectonics: An Introduction
View this video for an introduction to Plate Tectonics.
Pangaea, Wegener & Continental Drift
To watch a video on Pangaea, click here.
Class 5-206 is learning about the geologic processes set in motion millions of years ago that set the stage for the world and land we know today. To help us better understand these processes, we analyze maps that depict geologic time to consider how the continents were formed.
We began by exploring and analyzing an important historical map, the map of Pangaea. We learned that in 1912, scientist Alfred Wegener gathered compelling evidence for a theory known as Continental Drift to explain that the continents moved. Wegener’s findings, as well as developments in technology, later led to development of the Plate Tectonics Theory. We then analyzed fossil areas to develop a deeper understanding of Pangaea and continental drift. We also read two articles to help us analyze the effects of the last Ice Age on the formation of the Western Hemisphere.
We began by exploring and analyzing an important historical map, the map of Pangaea. We learned that in 1912, scientist Alfred Wegener gathered compelling evidence for a theory known as Continental Drift to explain that the continents moved. Wegener’s findings, as well as developments in technology, later led to development of the Plate Tectonics Theory. We then analyzed fossil areas to develop a deeper understanding of Pangaea and continental drift. We also read two articles to help us analyze the effects of the last Ice Age on the formation of the Western Hemisphere.
Geography & Early Societies of the Western Hemisphere
To what degree does geography determine culture?
What is the geologic history of the Western Hemisphere?
How do geographic features vary throughout the Western Hemisphere? How is the geography of the Western Hemisphere unique?
How did the geography and climate of Western Hemisphere influence the way of life for early societies and civilizations?
What were the accomplishments and contributions of the early people to the development of the Western Hemisphere?
How did geography, early people, and key events influence the development of the Western Hemisphere?
What is the geologic history of the Western Hemisphere?
How do geographic features vary throughout the Western Hemisphere? How is the geography of the Western Hemisphere unique?
How did the geography and climate of Western Hemisphere influence the way of life for early societies and civilizations?
What were the accomplishments and contributions of the early people to the development of the Western Hemisphere?
How did geography, early people, and key events influence the development of the Western Hemisphere?